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<td nowrap="true" class="pageTitle">角色：项目经理</td><td width="100%">
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<td valign="top">该角色规划、管理和分配资源、设定优先级、协调与客户和用户的沟通，并使项目团队的集中于其工作目标。项目经理还建立一套工作方法，以确保项目工作产品的完整性和质量。</td>
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<td>角色集：<a href="./../../core.base_rup/rolesets/managers_A0FA9C69.html" guid="_qIh6UABuEdqrKcHWz1HoWw">管理员</a></td>
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<div class="sectionHeading">关系</div>
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<td align="center" colspan="2" class="sectionTableSingleCell"><p><map name="项目经理"><area href="./../../core.base_rup/tasks/schedule_and_assign_work_63D7C4DF.html" shape="rect" coords="210, 10, 242, 42" alt="安排和分配工作" title="安排和分配工作" guid="{972CBA81-A21B-4384-B482-3DA7D0859613}"></area><area href="./../../core.base_rup/tasks/report_status_8FAC706D.html" shape="rect" coords="312, 10, 344, 42" alt="报告状态" title="报告状态" guid="{F77A1270-3F63-4B44-894D-37316D046445}"></area><area href="./../../core.base_rup/tasks/define_project_organization_and_staffing_490679CB.html" shape="rect" coords="414, 10, 446, 42" alt="定义项目组织和人员配备" title="定义项目组织和人员配备" guid="{8158A0C5-E4B3-4B9F-9DD6-0A32EB233B87}"></area><area href="./../../core.base_rup/tasks/acquire_staff_1B59DBA8.html" shape="rect" coords="516, 10, 548, 42" alt="获得工作人员" title="获得工作人员" guid="{D6A30168-ECF2-40C0-AA8B-68462B3F193B}"></area><area href="./../../core.base_rup/tasks/plan_phases_and_iterations_2AB1A5C9.html" shape="rect" coords="618, 10, 650, 42" alt="计划阶段和迭代" title="计划阶段和迭代" guid="{43005DA9-D75E-464D-8AFC-AB9CACD92626}"></area><area href="./../../core.base_rup/tasks/develop_business_case_F985B634.html" shape="rect" coords="720, 10, 752, 42" alt="开发业务案例" title="开发业务案例" guid="{F7A5D34A-A8B1-466D-BE41-FFCD41B4430D}"></area><area href="./../../core.base_rup/tasks/assess_iteration_342C29D1.html" shape="rect" coords="822, 10, 854, 42" alt="评估迭代" title="评估迭代" guid="{DBD235AB-EEEF-4C9E-A83E-5B87DAD70E33}"></area><area href="./../../core.base_rup/tasks/initiate_iteration_E2241E8B.html" shape="rect" coords="210, 72, 242, 104" alt="启动迭代" title="启动迭代" guid="{50A77708-4FD4-42F5-B6D1-4DC751C7EBBE}"></area><area href="./../../core.base_rup/tasks/initiate_project_987939A6.html" shape="rect" coords="312, 72, 344, 104" alt="启动项目" title="启动项目" guid="{7E33D69A-6388-4782-998B-30A01E665531}"></area><area href="./../../core.base_rup/tasks/identify_and_assess_risks_63AEB0CC.html" shape="rect" coords="414, 72, 446, 104" alt="确定并评估风险" title="确定并评估风险" guid="{1E6B4943-6C77-4AD7-A248-AFACD79A322E}"></area><area href="./../../core.base_rup/tasks/develop_iteration_plan_144CF253.html" shape="rect" coords="516, 72, 548, 104" alt="制定迭代计划" title="制定迭代计划" guid="{50EDC6A8-97B0-46C1-9B1C-7630DE286841}"></area><area href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_iteration_plan_623AFF7F.html" shape="rect" coords="210, 149, 242, 181" alt="迭代计划" title="迭代计划" guid="{97269E0F-CDF3-448D-A732-DF39D099BDDD}"></area><area href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_iteration_assessment_D08C6F7.html" shape="rect" coords="312, 149, 344, 181" alt="迭代评估" title="迭代评估" guid="{06114AF1-4D98-46B5-AE8B-DDEDFFE9B42B}"></area><area href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_risk_list_B87674CA.html" shape="rect" coords="414, 149, 446, 181" alt="风险列表" title="风险列表" guid="{32D7C484-2FAF-4442-8DA0-6D474B91A9DD}"></area><area href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_work_order_CFBC805B.html" shape="rect" coords="516, 149, 548, 181" alt="工作单" title="工作单" guid="{18DB40A1-6272-467A-AC68-B2C4BE1DCD6C}"></area><area href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_project_plan_D89CA030.html" shape="rect" coords="618, 149, 650, 181" alt="软件开发计划" title="软件开发计划" guid="{D77D6716-B167-4643-A4B6-6F76C7769A80}"></area><area href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_business_case_56F408EB.html" shape="rect" coords="720, 149, 752, 181" alt="业务案例" title="业务案例" guid="{9B13F235-E8E9-4CDC-9ACE-216124C8C5EC}"></area><area href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_status_assessment_A990B5EF.html" shape="rect" coords="822, 149, 854, 181" alt="状态评估" title="状态评估" guid="{F6D674A6-D71A-4D36-A195-4C888C1D0E70}"></area></map><img border="0" src="rup_project_manager_363CE680.jpg" alt="项目经理" title="项目经理" usemap="#项目经理"/></p></td>
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">修改</th><td class="sectionTableCell">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_business_case_56F408EB.html" guid="{9B13F235-E8E9-4CDC-9ACE-216124C8C5EC}">业务案例</a>
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<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_project_plan_D89CA030.html" guid="{D77D6716-B167-4643-A4B6-6F76C7769A80}">软件开发计划</a>
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<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_risk_list_B87674CA.html" guid="{32D7C484-2FAF-4442-8DA0-6D474B91A9DD}">风险列表</a>
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<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_iteration_plan_623AFF7F.html" guid="{97269E0F-CDF3-448D-A732-DF39D099BDDD}">迭代计划</a>
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<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_status_assessment_A990B5EF.html" guid="{F6D674A6-D71A-4D36-A195-4C888C1D0E70}">状态评估</a>
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<a href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_iteration_assessment_D08C6F7.html" guid="{06114AF1-4D98-46B5-AE8B-DDEDFFE9B42B}">迭代评估</a>
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<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_work_order_CFBC805B.html" guid="{18DB40A1-6272-467A-AC68-B2C4BE1DCD6C}">工作单</a>
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</ul>
</td>
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<tr valign="top">
<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">流程使用情况</th><td class="sectionTableCell" colspan="1">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/configuration_change_management_5C81A290.html" guid="{C85C9CC0-AD92-46C9-85BA-4C0672D6571E}">配置与变更管理</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/manage_change_requests_F7A11348.html" guid="{BFBA9E6A-CB4B-45A7-9A25-FF7CA1A1153D}">管理变更请求</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/rup_project_manager_5931915B.html" guid="_NTMcYEodEdqrjq4i3fchvA">项目经理</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/project_management_FC6669AF.html" guid="{EA0C1D32-E39A-4D96-B956-E178DB776A96}">项目管理</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/close-out_phase_895ADD7B.html" guid="{99181197-20DC-42DB-B9C4-7B95E015AFA1}">收尾阶段</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/rup_project_manager_9DC5742C.html" guid="_hZYAIEogEdqrjq4i3fchvA">项目经理</a>
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<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/project_management_FC6669AF.html" guid="{EA0C1D32-E39A-4D96-B956-E178DB776A96}">项目管理</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/close-out_project_59DE464B.html" guid="{2C93B7F5-3AAF-42BA-8E56-EB436BBC0410}">项目收尾</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/rup_project_manager_BBCE32C6.html" guid="_jmibQEogEdqrjq4i3fchvA">项目经理</a>
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<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/project_management_FC6669AF.html" guid="{EA0C1D32-E39A-4D96-B956-E178DB776A96}">项目管理</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/monitor_control_project_B0E0B548.html" guid="{F40E3BFA-9909-4D3D-8AEB-E08E3C0DC8F0}">监视和控制项目</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/rup_project_manager_DFD4A514.html" guid="_CZbnVRi2Edq_uI8xTPML6g">项目经理</a>
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<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/project_management_FC6669AF.html" guid="{EA0C1D32-E39A-4D96-B956-E178DB776A96}">项目管理</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/manage_iteration_2B95C965.html" guid="{D2D59931-DBA1-4624-B5E6-161DE57451D1}">管理迭代</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/rup_project_manager_A440BEDD.html" guid="_CZht-Ri2Edq_uI8xTPML6g">项目经理</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/project_management_FC6669AF.html" guid="{EA0C1D32-E39A-4D96-B956-E178DB776A96}">项目管理</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/plan_for_next_iteration_55840038.html" guid="{8040B743-6467-4067-8C0F-E62C3DE99414}">规划下一次迭代</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/rup_project_manager_97906593.html" guid="_Cbh5Fxi2Edq_uI8xTPML6g">项目经理</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/project_management_FC6669AF.html" guid="{EA0C1D32-E39A-4D96-B956-E178DB776A96}">项目管理</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/conceive_new_project_E9B31C9F.html" guid="{76FD7B68-FC91-488D-BBF1-6FE58DBACB87}">构思新项目</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/rup_project_manager_5C1873A3.html" guid="_CbuGURi2Edq_uI8xTPML6g">项目经理</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/project_management_FC6669AF.html" guid="{EA0C1D32-E39A-4D96-B956-E178DB776A96}">项目管理</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/evaluate_project_scope_and_risk_C777352.html" guid="{BADBA2C5-144D-482B-9B63-C95DA4DBD3E5}">评估项目范围和风险</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/rup_project_manager_7AF1590B.html" guid="_Cb0M8Ri2Edq_uI8xTPML6g">项目经理</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/project_management_FC6669AF.html" guid="{EA0C1D32-E39A-4D96-B956-E178DB776A96}">项目管理</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/plan_the_project_DD2EE35.html" guid="{823EF41B-2BD1-464B-84DB-C7BD432636E2}">规划项目</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/rup_project_manager_36054B12.html" guid="_CcxPMRi2Edq_uI8xTPML6g">项目经理</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/project_management_FC6669AF.html" guid="{EA0C1D32-E39A-4D96-B956-E178DB776A96}">项目管理</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/Plan Remainder of Initial Iteration_F7FF0FA5.html" guid="_342gUBstEdqXHNTdjKtnvA">计划初始迭代的剩余部分</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/rup_project_manager_EBEBE302.html" guid="__GUzoBstEdqXHNTdjKtnvA">项目经理</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/project_management_FC6669AF.html" guid="{EA0C1D32-E39A-4D96-B956-E178DB776A96}">项目管理</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/Refine the Project Plan_DC25A642.html" guid="_Dt0jMBsuEdqXHNTdjKtnvA">优化开发计划</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/rup_project_manager_2B72FA35.html" guid="_UCWhoBsuEdqXHNTdjKtnvA">项目经理</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/project_management_FC6669AF.html" guid="{EA0C1D32-E39A-4D96-B956-E178DB776A96}">项目管理</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/Reevaluate Project Scope and Risk_666F17C8.html" guid="_7lhJ4BsuEdqXHNTdjKtnvA">重新评估项目范围和风险</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/rup_project_manager_2CC6DE2.html" guid="__BdsUBsuEdqXHNTdjKtnvA">项目经理</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="sectionHeading">主要描述</div>
<div class="sectionContent">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" class="sectionTable">
<tr valign="top">
<td class="sectionTableSingleCell"><a id="Top" name="Top"></a><a id="XE_project_manager_(role)__description_of" name="XE_project_manager_(role)__description_of" class="index" key="项目经理（角色）（project manager）" text="描述"></a><a id="Description" name="Description"></a> 
<p>
    <a class="PresentationName" guid="{EE97A8CD-66CA-4A9B-9871-E3B94CCED528}">项目经理</a>将项目管理知识、技能、工具和技术广泛应用于各种任务，以满足需求并交付特定项目的最终结果。
</p></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="sectionHeading">人员配备</div>
<div class="sectionContent">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" class="sectionTable">
<tr valign="top">
<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">技能</th><td class="sectionTableCell"><a id="Skills" name="Skills"></a> 
<p>
    要胜任<a class="PresentationName" guid="{EE97A8CD-66CA-4A9B-9871-E3B94CCED528}">项目经理</a>角色，建议您具备以下技能：
</p>
<ul>
    <li>
        软件开发生命期、应用程序领域和平台方面的经验
    </li>
    <li>
        范围估计、规划、时间管理、调度、项目成本估算和预算管理
    </li>
    <li>
        资源规划、资源管理和采购
    </li>
    <li>
        风险分析、相关性和决策分析技能
    </li>
    <li>
        展示、沟通和协商技能
    </li>
    <li>
        项目管理方面的经验
    </li>
    <li>
        领导层和团队建设能力
    </li>
    <li>
        冲突解决、问题解决技能，以及在压力下作出合理决策的能力
    </li>
    <li>
        基于可交付件的管理，关注客户价值的实现（以执行符合或超出客户需要的软件的形式）。
    </li>
</ul></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">分配方法</th><td class="sectionTableCell"><a id="RoleAssignment" name="RoleAssignment"></a> 
<p>
    对于较小的项目，一个人可兼任项目经理和开发角色（例如软件设计人员）。 但是，如有可能，通常最好不要让项目经理承担开发职责，以确保管理职责方面的时间压力不会妨碍到开发任务，反之亦然。
</p>
<p>
    项目经理角色通常可以与其他管理型角色成功地组合在一起，例如变更控制管理员、部署管理员和流程工程师。
</p>
<p>
    项目经理可能需要对诸如收集项目状态信息、生成度量标准和准备报告之类的任务的支持。当为项目配备人员时，请考虑将支持人员包括在内，以帮助执行这些任务。
</p></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="sectionHeading">更多信息</div>
<div class="sectionContent">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" class="sectionTable">
<tr valign="top">
<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">概念</th><td class="sectionTableCell">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/concepts/estimating_project_effort_3315FF9E.html" guid="2.0746098019135414E-305">估算项目工时</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">白皮书</th><td class="sectionTableCell">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/whitepapers/the_ten_essentials_of_rup_732348E4.html" guid="2.394833346911732E-305">The Ten Essentials of RUP</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/whitepapers/from_waterfall_to_iterative_lifecycle_E927A670.html" guid="1.749998588331248E-306">From Waterfall to Iterative Lifecycle</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/whitepapers/the_estimation_of_effort_based_on_use_cases_9C41D15B.html" guid="1.9405904686693683E-305">The Estimation of Effort Based on Use Cases</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
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    &copy; &nbsp;Copyright IBM Corp.&nbsp;1987, 2006. &nbsp;All Rights Reserved.
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